What makes a great team and why is it important?

What do you think makes a great team? When we think of the traits of a great team we often think of shared vision, great communication and strong relationships. Google conducted an extensive two-year study into the core components of creating a great team and they discovered being ‘psychologically safe’ came in the number one position.

In Silicon Valley, software engineers are encouraged to work together, in part because studies show that groups tend to innovate faster, see mistakes more quickly and find better solutions to problems. Studies also show that people working in teams tend to achieve better results and report higher job satisfaction. In a 2015 study, executives said that profitability increases when workers are persuaded to collaborate more. Within companies and conglomerates, as well as in government agencies and schools, teams are now the fundamental unit of organization. If a company wants to outstrip its competitors, it needs to influence not only how people work but also how they work together. New York Times - What Google Learned From Its Quest to Build the Perfect Team


Following the success of Google’s Project Oxygen research into what makes a great manager, Google researchers went on to explore the components of effective teams. Google conducted an extensive two-year study on what makes a great team. "Code-named Project Aristotle - a tribute to Aristotle’s quote, "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts" (as the Google researchers believed employees can do more working together than alone) - the goal was to answer the question: “What makes a team effective at Google?”

Traditional thinking

Traditional thinking has always focused on values, vision and communication.

  • Clear Goals and Vision: A great team has a clear understanding of their shared goals and a well-defined vision for how they will achieve them. This ensures that everyone is aligned and working towards the same objective.
  • Trust and Respect: A great team operates on a foundation of trust and mutual respect. Team members feel comfortable sharing their ideas, concerns, and opinions without fear of judgment or retribution. They also trust that their colleagues will do their best work and contribute to the team's success.
  • Communication: A great team has open and effective communication channels. Team members are able to express their thoughts and ideas clearly and listen actively to others. They share information and updates regularly, and are responsive to feedback and suggestions.
  • Diversity and Inclusion: A great team is diverse and inclusive, bringing together people with different backgrounds, perspectives, and skills. This diversity creates a richness of ideas and approaches that can help the team to solve complex problems and make better decisions.
  • Accountability: A great team holds each other accountable for their actions and responsibilities. They take ownership of their tasks and are willing to step in and support their colleagues when needed. They also hold each other to high standards of professionalism and excellence.

A great team is one that works collaboratively towards a shared goal, fosters an environment of trust and respect, communicates effectively, embraces diversity and inclusion, and holds each other accountable.

Google found that high-performing teams have five common traits

  1. Psychological safety: The willingness to take risks without feeling insecure or embarrassed. Psychological safety refers to an individual’s perception of the consequences of taking an interpersonal risk or a belief that a team is safe for risk taking in the face of being seen as ignorant, incompetent, negative, or disruptive. In a team with high psychological safety, teammates feel safe to take risks around their team members. They feel confident that no one on the team will embarrass or punish anyone else for admitting a mistake, asking a question, or offering a new idea.
  2. Dependability: Delivering high-quality work on time.
  3. Structure & clarity: Clarity of goals, roles, and execution plans. Google often uses Objectives and Key Results (OKRs) to help set and communicate short and long-term goals.
  4. Meaning of work: Finding a sense of purpose in either the work itself or the output is important for team effectiveness. The meaning of work is personal and can vary: financial security, supporting family, helping the team succeed, or self-expression for each individual, for example.
  5. Impact of work: Making a positive difference on the lives of others. Seeing that one’s work is contributing to the organization’s goals can improve impact.

Source: re:work (re:Work is a collection of practices, research, and ideas from Google and others to help you put people first.)

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Are you fostering a culture which prioritises psychological safety?


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